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To analyze the reasons of late HIV diagnosis in Chengdu, and to provide scientific basis for promoting early detection.
A cross-sectional survey was used, and the questionnaires were conducted among HIV/AIDS cases in 9 districts in Chengdu. The socio-demographic data, AIDS knowledge awareness, health seeking habits, testing behavior and other information were collected. The chi-square test and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the sample size was determined according to the principle of "information saturation".
A total of 757 HIV/AIDS cases were investigated, of which 258 (34.1%) were found late diagnosis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of late diagnosis was higher in age group 30-49 years old (aOR=3.350, 95% CI: 1.725-6.506) and ≥50 years old (aOR=3.913, 95% CI: 1.876-8.161) than 18-29 years old. Passive detection (aOR=2.002, 95% CI: 1.098-3.649) had a higher risk of late diagnosis than active detection. High school education or higher (aOR=0.472, 95% CI: 0.289-0.770) had a lower risk of late diagnosis than middle school education or lower. Among the 258 late diagnosis cases, 218 (84.5%) never had the idea of HIV testing in the past, mainly because they had not heard of AIDS (106 cases/48.6%) and felt that AIDS was far away from them (82 cases/37.6%). Among the 40 cases who had ever considering taking an HIV test, 17 (42.5%) did not take, mainly because they were worried about their privacy being exposed (12 cases/70.6%), worried about what others think during the test process (7 cases/41.2%), and worried about being discriminated against if they tested positive (7 cases/41.2%). In-depth interviews were conducted on 16 patients with late diagnosis. The reasons for late diagnosis mainly included: never heard of AIDS, serious misunderstanding of AIDS cognition, lack of risk perception awareness, and fluke mentality.
In order to effectively reduce the level of late HIV diagnosis, it is necessary to promote high-quality AIDS health education, improve the awareness of AIDS knowledge and risk perception after high risk behaviors, and encourage people with high risk behaviors to take the initiative to receive HIV testing as soon as possible. Building a supportive social environment to avoid giving up active testing for fear of discrimination is also essential.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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