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To describe the trends in treatment and diagnosis delays for tuberculosis patients in Xizang from 2014 to 2023 and to explore the influencing factors, providing a scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control in Xizang.
Tuberculosis patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2023 in Xizang were selected from the “Tuberculosis Management Information System” sub-system of the “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”. The factors influencing treatment and diagnosis delays were analyzed using univariate χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Among the 34 469 reported tuberculosis patients in Xizang from 2014 to 2023, the median (interquartile range) time from symptom onset to first consultation (treatment delay) was 24 (10, 46) days, with a treatment delay rate of 67.5%; the median (interquartile range) time from first consultation to diagnosis (diagnosis delay) was 0 (0, 1) days, with a diagnosis delay rate of 7.6%. The treatment delay rate showed a downward trend from 2014 to 2023 (trend χ2=1 798.083, P<0.001), while the diagnosis delay rate exhibited an upward trend (trend χ2=197.689, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that being aged ≤20 years, 21-40 years, having local residency, undergoing health examinations, lacking microbiological results, and the first consultation being in Lhasa, Linzhi, Naqu, or Ali regions were protective factors for treatment delay.Seeking treatment based on symptoms, referrals, being a farmer or herdsman, being a child or student, and the first consultation being in Shigatse or Changdu were risk factors for treatment delay. Recommendations based on symptoms and first consultation in Shigatse, Changdu, or Naqu were protective factors for diagnosis delay. Local residency and first consultation in Lhasa were risk factors for diagnosis delay.
There is a serious delay in treatment among tuberculosis patients in Xizang, while the level of diagnosis delay is relatively low. It is recommended to enhance tuberculosis awareness and education among key populations and improve the diagnostic and treatment capabilities of grassroots medical institutions to reduce delays in treatment and diagnosis for tuberculosis patients.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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