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To investigate the causal relationship between tea intake and sex hormone levels by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms related to tea intake were screened from the genome-wide association study as genetic instrumental variables. Five Mendelian randomized methods including simple model, weighted model, inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis, weighted median method, and MR-Egger method were used to study the causal association between tea intake and sex hormone levels, which was evaluated by the β value.
A total of 41 SNPs were included in this study. The results of inverse variance weighting method showed that tea intake could increase the level of bioavailable testosterone (β=0.073, P < 0.05) and decrease the level of estradiol (β=-0.023, P < 0.05). The estimated results of MR-Egger effect showed that tea intake could increase the level of bioavailable testosterone (β=0.179, P<0.05) and decrease the level of estradiol (β=-0.049, P<0.05), and the weighted median method also found that tea could increase the level of bioavailable testosterone (β=0.120，P<0.05) and decrease the level of extradiol (β=-0.047, P<0.05), consistent with the results of IVW method. MR-Egger regression method showed that there was no horizontal pleiotropy, leaving one method and Cochran’s Q statistics test showed no heterogeneity, and the direction of single SNP was correct.
Tea intake can up-regulate testosterone level and down-regulate estradiol level. Reasonable tea intake will contribute to the effective intervention of sex hormone-related diseases and provide important reference for the prevention and treatment of clinical diseases.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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