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To investigate the drug resistance and molecular epidemiological characteristics of clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus in Huai’an city, so as to provide references for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of infection.
Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples were collected and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）was detected by cefoxitin or oxacillin resistance phenotype or mecA gene. The drug sensitivity test was carried out by microbroth dilution method. Based on the whole genome sequencing, the strains were analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism and multi-locus sequence typing. The virulence and drug resistance genes of the strains were identified by online database.
A total of 83 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 7 types of clinical specimens, and MRSA accounted for 59.04%. The isolated strains had the highest resistance to penicillin (97.59%) and were sensitive to Nez Olamide, tigecyclines, vancomycin, teicoplanin, and nitrofurantoin, and multiple drug-resistant strains accounted for 57.83%. There were 20 ST types in 83 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, and ST398 (21.69%) was the main type. There were 187 292 SNP loci in 83 genomes. These strains carried 38 kinds of drug resistance genes, among which tet (38), blaZ, arlR, arlS, mgrA, norA, mepA, ErmC,LmrS, and mepR had higher carrying rates. These strains carried 8 enterotoxin genes including sea, seb, sec, sed, seh, selk, sell,and selq, among which selk and selq (both 32.53%) had the highest carrying rate, and ST1 strain carried the largest number of kinds of enterotoxin genes. The carrying rates of lukF-PV and lukS-PV genes encoded by PVL were 49.40% and 6.02%, respectively. The carrying rate of tsst-1 gene encoded by toxic shock syndrome toxin TSST-1 was 3.61%.
The drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Huai’an area is strong and the detection rate of MRSA is high. The ST types of strains are rich, and there is a certain correlation between ST types and pathogenicity.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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