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Objective To investigate the pathogen pollution in the poultry and environment in Changsha live poultry wholesale market. Methods In total 817 live poultry and environment samples from Changsha county wholesale poultry market were collected from 2022 to 2023. AIV, NDV, C. psittaci, Brucella, and S. suis nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence PCR, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The overall positive rates of AIV, NDV, C. psittaci, Brucella, and S.suis in market poultry and environment were 64.01%, 32.19%, 6.36%, 0.24%, and 17.75%, respectively. The positive rates of NDV and S. suis in 2023 were higher than those in 2022, and the positive rates of five pathogens were the highest in October or December. There were significant differences in the positive rates of NDV (χ2=6.23, P=0.01) and S. suis (χ2=45.40, P<0.01) in different years and in AIV (χ2=50.50, P<0.01), NDV (χ2=41.28, P<0.01), C. psittaci (χ2=32.83, P<0.01), and S. suis (χ2=59.43,P<0.01) in different months. The sampling sites with the highest positive rates of AIV, NDV, C. psittaci, Brucella, and S. suis were poultry stores (67.53%), market public areas (44.00%), market public areas (8.00%), sheep/dog stores (3.57%), and poultry stores (19.02%). The samples with the highest positive rates of AIV, NDV, C. psittaci, Brucella, and S. suis were poultry drinking water (90.91%), air (61.11%), poultry cages (9.59%), sheep/dogs and other cages (3.77%), and air (31.25%). The positive rates of AIV (χ2=69.06, P<0.01), NDV (χ2=20.98, P<0.01), Brucella (χ2=27.25, P<0.01), S. suis (χ2=8.37, P=0.02) in different sampling sites and AIV (χ2=155.80 , P<0.0l), NDV (χ2=132.59, P<0.01), Brucella (χ2=10.10, P<0.0l) and S. suis (χ2=49.92,P<0.01) in different samples were significantly different. Conclusion The AIV, NDV, C. psittaci, Brucella, and S. suis nucleic acid pollution are common in poultry and environment in Changsha live poultry wholesale market, which indicates that the live poultry wholesale market needs to strengthen the prevention and control measures of zoonosis, such as place disinfection, health education and epidemic surveillance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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