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Objective To study the impact of exposure to green space during pregnancy on low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) in pregnant women, and to explore the susceptible window period of green space exposure, providing data support for related research fields. Methods This study recruited pregnant women and their infants in the Sichuan multi-level infant and early life (SMILE) cohort study as the research subjects, and information on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and birth outcomes were collected. A 250m buffer zone was delineated based on the pregnant women’s residential addresses, and the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) during pregnancy was calculated. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the impact of green space exposure during pregnancy on LBW and PTB and to identify the key window period of green space exposure affecting LBW and PTB. Results In total 6 612 pregnant women were included in this study, and the prevalence rates of LBW and PTB were 3.36% and 3.43%, respectively. It was found that the fourth quartile of NDVI was negatively correlated with LBW and PTB (LBW:HR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.24-0.59, P=0.012; PTB: Q4:HR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.21-0.51, P < 0.001). In the third trimester of pregnancy, NDVI had a protective effect on LBW (Q2: HR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.19-0.42, P=0.003; Q3: HR=0.17, 95%CI: 0.11-0.27, P<0.001; Q4: HR=0.07, 95%CI: 0.04-0.12, P<0.001)and PTB (Q2: HR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.13-0.28, P < 0.001; Q3: HR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.07-0.16, P<0.001; Q4: HR=0.03, 95%CI:0.02-0.06, P<0.001), and as the level of NDVI increased, the protective effect became stronger. Conclusion Green space during pregnancy is negatively correlated with LBW and PTB. Late pregnancy may be a key window period of exposure, and higher levels of green space are more beneficial for maternal and child health.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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