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Objective To investigate the internal exposure levels of selenium, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium in blood and urine of general population in Jiangxi Province from 2017 to 2018. Methods A multi-stage complex sampling method was employed to detect the content of selenium, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium in the fasting venous whole blood and urine samples of 720 selected subjects using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The exposure situation of residents in different genders, ages, urban and rural areas, and monitoring sites was analyzed. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate the bivariate correlation between blood metal concentrations and urine metal levels. Results The median levels of blood selenium and urine selenium in the general population of Jiangxi Province from 2017 to 2018 were 90.89 μg/L and 13.67 μg/L, respectively. The median levels of blood arsenic and urine arsenic were 1.26 μg/L and 24.03 μg/L, respectively. The median levels of blood chromium and urine chromium were 0.51 μg/L and 1.84 μg/L, respectively. The median levels of blood cadmium and urine cadmium were 0.85 μg/L and 0.61 μg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in blood selenium (Z=-5.09, P < 0.01) and urine selenium concentrations (Z=-3.94, P < 0.05) between different urban and rural areas, with concentrations higher in urban areas. Except for blood cadmium and urine cadmium, there were statistically significant differences in the concentration levels of other inorganic substances between different monitoring sites (P < 0.05). Differences in blood selenium (H=34.56, P < 0.05), blood cadmium (H=54.14, P < 0.05), and urine cadmium (H=63.447, P < 0.05) among different age groups were statistically significant, with concentrations gradually increasing with age. No statistically significant differences in concentrations of other inorganic substances between different genders were found (P > 0.05) except for urine selenium (Z=-3.77, P < 0.05). The strongest correlation coefficient among the four inorganic substances was 0.419 for blood cadmium and urine cadmium. Conclusion Residents in different regions of Jiangxi Province exhibit varying levels of internal exposure to selenium, arsenic, and chromium. Cadmium showed no regional differences in whole blood and urine load levels within the province, suggesting cadmium accumulation and a positive correlation with age.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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