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Outline
To analyze the dietary patterns and their influencing factors in Ali area, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of chronic diseases via dietary intervention in underdeveloped high altitude areas.
A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 606 adult residents in Ali from June to August 2021 for investigation. The food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data on food consumption over the past year. Factor analysis was employed to construct dietary patterns, and stepwise multinomial logistic regression was applied to identify the factors affecting dietary patterns.
Five dietary patterns were extracted. Logistic regression analysis showed that the dried fruit beverage pattern was positively correlated with non-married (P=0.043), other occupations (P=0.027), smoking (P=0.023), weight gain >2.5 kg in the past year (P=0.019), non-clean fuel (P=0.006), and poor self-rated health (P=0.001). The Tibetan pattern was positively correlated with education level (P<0.001) but negatively correlated with non-cadre (P=0.002) and non-clean fuel (P<0.001).The highly processed unhealthy pattern was positively correlated with age (P<0.001) and poor self-rated health (P=0.027),while negatively correlated with non-married (P=0.019), non-cadre (P=0.039), family living standards (P=0.002), smoking (P=0.003), tea drinking (P=0.022), weight gain >2.5 kg in the past year (P=0.004), and non-clean fuel (P=0.004). The modern meat-dominant pattern was positively correlated with age (P=0.011), non-married (P=0.003), non-cadre (P=0.020) and tea drinking (P=0.005), but negatively correlated with drinking (P<0.001), amateur physical exercise (P=0.004) and non-clean fuel(P=0.042). The dietary fiber pattern was positively correlated with non-clean fuel (P=0.030), but negatively correlated with high family living standards (P=0.002) and tea drinking (P=0.018).
This study demonstrates that differences in the distribution of the five dietary patterns among residents of Ali are closely associated with demographic characteristics,socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors, and some patterns are significantly associated with body weight changes and self-rated health status. Targeted dietary interventions should be implemented based on the local dietary culture and living habits to support the prevention and control of chronic diseases in underdeveloped high-altitude areas.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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