Full
Outline
To investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS), its transitions, and the decline of activities of daily living (ADL) among middle-aged and older adults in China.
This study utilized data from waves 1 to 5 (2011 to 2020) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). According to the Asian Work Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus, low HGS was defined as <28 kg for males and <18 kg for females. Based on the changes in HGS status from baseline to the second survey, participants were classified into four groups: stable normal HGS, normal HGS to low HGS, low HGS to normal HGS, and stable low HGS. ADL disability was measured by the number of daily activities with difficulty, with higher scores indicating poorer functional ability. Linear mixed-effect models were employed to investigate the association of handgrip strength and its transition patterns with ADL decline.
Individuals with low HGS exhibited a higher level of ADL disability (β=0.607, 95% CI: 0.523-0.690, P<0.001) and a faster progression of ADL disability (β=0.085,95% CI: 0.068-0.101, P<0.001) compared to those with normal HGS. Compared with individuals with stable normal HGS, those with stable low HGS (β=0.153, 95% CI: 0.120-0.185, P<0.001) experienced the most rapid progression of ADL disability, followed by those transitioning from normal HGS to low HGS (β=0.081, 95% CI: 0.059-0.103, P<0.001).
Lower HGS is associated with accelerated ADL disability progression. Dynamic changes in handgrip strength also provide significant prognostic value for assessing the risk of ADL decline. Regular monitoring of handgrip strength and its changes may aid in the prevention and delay of ADL decline.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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