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A meta-analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive impairment among people living with HIV, China
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Li-li YANG1, Hua GUAN2, Yao LUO1, Lei YANG3
Modern Preventive Medicine | 2026, 53(16) : 3064 - 3072
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Modern Preventive Medicine | 2026, 53(16): 3064-3072
• Clinical Medicine and Prevention •
A meta-analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive impairment among people living with HIV, China
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Li-li YANG1, Hua GUAN2, Yao LUO1, Lei YANG3
Affiliations
  • College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
Published: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512064
Outline
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Objective

To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive impairment among people living with HIV (PLWH) in China.

Methods

We searched Chinese and English databases for studies on cognitive impairment among Chinese PLWH, from inception to August 2025. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 18.0.

Results

A total of 27 studies involving 11 076 PLWH were included. The meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment (including screening-positive cases) in Chinese PLWH was 42.3%, with extremely high heterogeneity (I2=99.4%). The pooled estimate should be interpreted as an approximate range rather than an exact value. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences across assessment tools, gender, age and education level (P<0.05), and residual heterogeneity remained high, suggesting unmeasured confounding factors. College or above education was a protective factor, while comorbid depression and efavirenz-containing regimens were risk factors.

Conclusion

Given the limitations of high heterogeneity and inconsistent assessment tools, cognitive impairment remains prevalent among Chinese PLWH. Strengthened screening and comprehensive management for high-risk groups are needed to reduce adverse prognostic impacts.

People living with HIV  /  Cognitive impairment  /  Influencing factors  /  Meta-analysis
杨丽丽, 关华, 罗姚, 杨蕾. 中国HIV感染者认知障碍患病率及影响因素的Meta分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3064 -3072 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512064
Li-li YANG, Hua GUAN, Yao LUO, Lei YANG. A meta-analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive impairment among people living with HIV, China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (16) : 3064 -3072 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512064
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Year 2026 volume 53 Issue 16
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512064
  • Receive Date：2025-12-03
  • Online Date：2026-09-28
  • Published：2026-08-25
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  • Received：2025-12-03
Affiliations
    College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
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