Full
Outline
To investigate the association of teeth number and hearing difficulty with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) in Henan Province, and to analyze their independent and joint effects on MCI.
Data were obtained from the 2023 Henan Healthy Aging Survey, which used a multistage stratified probability-proportional-to-size (PPS) sampling method to recruit 9 180 residents aged ≥60 years across 17 cities in Henan Province. Information was collected via questionnaires, physical examinations, and biochemical tests. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the independent effects of tooth number and hearing difficulty on MCI. Multiplicative and additive interactions between the two factors were assessed using the multiplicative interaction term, along with relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (API), and synergy index (SI).
Among 9 147 older adults, totally 24.6% was with MCI. The results revealed a significant association between the number of teeth and MCI. Compared to older adults with <10 teeth, those with more teeth had successively lower odds of MCI: 10-19 teeth (OR=0.76, 95%CI:0.60-0.95,P=0.015), 20-27 teeth (OR=0.71, 95%CI=0.58-0.88,P=0.001), and ≥28 teeth (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.53-0.83,P<0.001). Hearing difficulty was also significantly associated with MCI. Compared to older adults without hearing difficulties, those with hearing difficulties have a higher likelihood of developing MCI, with this association being more pronounced in individuals with bilateral hearing difficulties (unilateral: OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.15-1.75,P=0.001; bilateral: OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.50-2.11,P<0.001). The interaction results showed that there was no multiplicative interaction between the number of teeth and hearing difficulty on MCI (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.62-1.11,P=0.203), nor an additive interaction (RERI, API, and SI of the interaction were -0.17 (95%CI:-0.56-0.21), -0.09(95%CI: -0.29-0.10), 0.83 (95%CI: 0.60-1.26), respectively).
Maintaining more teeth and no hearing difficulty contributed to improve cognitive function. It is recommended to conduct simultaneous screening for oral and hearing health, enhance health education and encourage regular check among the elderly population, and the inclusion of early screening in basic public health services is recommended for decelerating the progression of cognitive decline.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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