Full
Outline
To analyze the trend of mortality and life expectancy (LE) among people aged 60 years and above in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, to provide scientific evidence for improving the health of the aged.
Based on the GBD 2021 data, mortality rate, rank of causes of death, LE of the aged 60 years and above in China and globally were selected to compare the changes of each index from 1990 to 2019 and 2019 to 2021. The Joinpoint model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC), and the ARIMA model was used to predict the mortality and LE of the aged.
Compared with 1990, the mortality rate of the aged in China and globally decreased significantly in 2019 (P<0.001), and the decline was greater in China. Compared with 2019, the mortality rate of the aged in the world increased in 2021, while it decreased slightly in China. The mortality rate of the older adults in the oldest age group in China was higher than that in the world. In terms of the ranking of causes of death, cardiovascular disease was always the first cause of death both in China and globally. Compared with 1990, the LE and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) of the aged in China and the world increased significantly in 2019(P<0.001). Compared with 2019, the LE and HALE of the aged in China increased in 2021, while the global values decreased. The LE of the older adults in the oldest age group in China was lower than that in the world. LE was higher in women than in men. The prediction showed that the LE of the aged in China would increase in the next 15 years, while the LE of the aged in the world would decline slightly.
The LE and HALE of the aged in China increased from 1990 to 2021, but decreased from 2019 to 2021 in the world. The health deficiencies, “unhealthy longevity”, and gender differences among the older adults in the oldest age group in China are prominent, and targeted, strengthened care and intervention are needed.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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