To analyze the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and its associated factors among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Fujian Province.

Data were derived from the 2022 Fujian Provincial Project of the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance. A total of 1 722 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were selected using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires, physical measurements, and laboratory tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure.

The detection rates of prehypertension and elevated blood pressure were 11.4% and 11.0%, respectively. Among the types of elevated blood pressure, the detection rates for isolated systolic hypertension, mixed hypertension, and isolated diastolic hypertension are 4.9%, 3.7%, and 2.4%, respectively, with isolated systolic hypertension being the most prevalent. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents included overweight (OR=2.147, 95%CI: 1.435-3.212), obesity (OR=2.688, 95%CI: 1.757-4.112), hypertriglyceridemia (OR=1.554, 95%CI: 1.029-2.346), and vitamin D deficiency (OR=1.777, 95%CI: 1.037-3.047).

Elevated blood pressure is relatively common among children and adolescents in Fujian Province, with isolated systolic elevation being the predominant pattern. Its occurrence is significantly associated with overweight/obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and vitamin D deficiency. A comprehensive prevention and control strategy is recommended that centers on weight management, while also addressing lipid metabolism and vitamin D nutritional status, thereby providing a scientific basis for the early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.