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An association study of adverse childhood experiences and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults based on latent class analysis
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Rui MA, Xiao-yue JIANG, Meng-qi ZHOU, Si-ran CHEN, Yu-ling DU, Zi-yi YANG, Yan-fang YANG
Modern Preventive Medicine | 2026, 53(2) : 322 - 326
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Modern Preventive Medicine | 2026, 53(2): 322-326
• Health and Social Behavior •
An association study of adverse childhood experiences and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults based on latent class analysis
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Rui MA, Xiao-yue JIANG, Meng-qi ZHOU, Si-ran CHEN, Yu-ling DU, Zi-yi YANG, Yan-fang YANG
Affiliations
  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
Published: 2026-01-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509014
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Objective

To investigate the separate associations of cumulative ACEs exposure and specific ACEs patterns with cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2020), 12 ACE indicators were included. Linear mixed-effects model was employed to analyze the longitudinal effects of the cumulative number of ACEs and ACE patterns on cognitive function, with ACEs patterns identified using latent class analysis.

Results

Compared with those who did not experience ACEs, those who experienced ≥4 ACEs had a faster decline in cognitive function (β=-0.029, 95% CI: -0.045--0.012). Latent class analysis identified four ACE patterns: low ACEs, domestic abuse and bullying, emotional and physical neglect, and parental mental illness and death. Among these, the “parental mental illness and death” subgroup experienced faster cognitive decline than the low ACEs group (β=-0.018, 95% CI: -0.027--0.008).

Conclusion

Both cumulative ACEs exposure and specific adversity patterns are associated with accelerated cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults. Individuals who have experienced ≥4 ACEs and parental mental illness and death require particular attention.

Adverse childhood experiences  /  Cognitive function  /  Latent class analysis
马蕊, 蒋晓悦, 周梦琦, 陈思燃, 杜昱玲, 杨子乙, 杨艳芳. 基于潜在类别分析的童年不良经历和中老年人认知功能的关联研究. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (2) : 322 -326 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509014
Rui MA, Xiao-yue JIANG, Meng-qi ZHOU, Si-ran CHEN, Yu-ling DU, Zi-yi YANG, Yan-fang YANG. An association study of adverse childhood experiences and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults based on latent class analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (2) : 322 -326 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509014
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 53 Issue 2
16
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Article Info
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509014
  • Receive Date：2025-09-01
  • Online Date：2026-11-02
  • Published：2026-01-25
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History
  • Received：2025-09-01
Affiliations
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
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Percentage of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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