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Outline
To systematically evaluate the application effects of different types of machine learning (ML) models in predicting intensive care unit length of stay (ICULOS) in adult patients.
By searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and English databases PubMed and Web of Science, we collected studies on machine learning to predict ICULOS in adult patients published from the establishment of the database to October 2025, screened the included literature, and performed Meta-analysis using RStudio.
A total of 40 articles were included, among which the three most frequently used models were random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and gradient boosting machine (GBM) models. The overall prediction performance was good, with a combined area under curve (AUC) of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.79-0.85). Among the prediction models for ICULOS in adult patients with cardiovascular-related diseases, XGBoost had the best prediction effect (AUC=0.88, 95% CI: 0.86-0.93). Among the prediction models for ICULOS in adult patients with central nervous system-related diseases, mixed models showed the best predictive performance (AUC=0.90). In the prediction models of ICULOS of adult patients with other diseases and undifferentiated disease types, RF had the best prediction effect (AUCother specific diseases=0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94; AUCundifferentiated diseases=0.95).
ML showed good performance in predicting ICULOS of adult patients. In the prediction of ICULOS of adult patients with different diseases, the appropriate ML model should be selected in combination with the specific disease and data structure.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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