To investigate cognitive function and depression as mediators between exercise and falls in elderly chronic disease patients.
Using stratified and convenience sampling, this cross-sectional survey in Shandong included 1 433 elderly chronic disease patients via a self-designed questionnaire. Generalized structural equation modeling and Bootstrap testing were used.
Fall incidence was 18.8%. Exercisers had significantly lower fall incidence. Cognitive function scores were lower in fallers; depression scores were higher in fallers. Exercise, cognitive function, and depression significantly affected falls (P<0.05). Exercise negatively predicted falls (β=-0.376, 95% CI:-0.685- -0.067). Cognitive function (β=-0.037, 95% CI:-0.070--0.004) and depression (β=-0.124, 95% CI:-0.194- -0.055) had significant mediating effects. A chain-mediating effect existed via cognitive function and depression (β=-0.011, 95% CI:-0.021--0.001).
Exercise directly reduces falls and also reduces falls indirectly through the mediating effects of cognitive function and depression.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |