Full
Outline
Nucleic acid mass spectrometry (NAMS) has emerged as a multi-target parallel detection platform, demonstrating its high efficiency and accuracy in the field of infectious disease detection in recent years. The core technologies of NAMS include PCR-MALDI-TOF (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight), Single-base Extension (SBE), PCR/ESI-MS (Polymerase Chain Reaction/Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry), and isothermal amplification techniques such as Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA), Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), and Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA) combined with MALDI-TOF. These technologies enable highly efficient nucleic acid detection for bacteria, viruses, and parasites. In bacterial detection, NAMS allows for rapid typing of drug-resistant sites in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), while supporting multiplex detection of foodborne pathogens. In viral detection, it is suitable for monitoring HIV drug-resistant mutations and for the typing and trend tracking of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 variants. In parasitic detection, it covers drug-resistant sites in Plasmodium spp. and supports species/strain identification. Furthermore, with the continuous development of technology, NAMS has demonstrated significant advantages in multi-pathogen co-detection, typing, and traceability, especially in improving typing efficiency and detecting mixed infections. As a panel-based, scalable, and expandable technology, NAMS provides an efficient detection solution for clinical diagnosis and public health monitoring, with broad prospects for infectious disease control at ports of entry. However, NAMS still faces challenges in sample processing, data analysis, and platform standardization. Future advancements will further promote its widespread use and improvement in clinical applications.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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