Full
Outline
To explore the influence of depressive symptoms on the occurrence risk of Cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to inform prevention strategies for the middle-aged and elderly in China.
Data were available from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), in which participants free of CVD were followed from baseline (2011) to 2020. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) was employed to evaluate depressive indications. Incident CVD events were defined according to the response by participants who reported a history of physician-diagnosed CVD in the follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to assess the effect of depressive symptoms on the risk of cardiovascular events.
During the 9-year follow-up, a total of 1 799 incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events were recorded. Participants with depressive symptoms exhibited a significantly higher incidence of CVD compared to those without depressive symptoms (HR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.21-1.47). When compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) of depressive symptom scores, the hazard ratios for CVD incidence were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.09-1.43) for the Q3 group and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.39-1.82) for the Q4 group.
Depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, and this association is independent of other potential confounding factors. A higher severity of depressive symptoms is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease events.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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