Full
Outline
To evaluate the dietary quality of Miao pregnant women in Guizhou in the year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and to explore the correlation between different dietary intake levels and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.
A prospective cohort study was conducted in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province from June 2022 to March 2023. A total of 511 subjects were included in the study. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary data of 1 year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and diet balance index 2022(DBI-22) and diet balance index for pregnancy(DBI-P) were used to evaluate dietary quality. χ2 test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes between different food intake levels, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between different food intake levels and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.
More than 90.0% of pregnant women had dietary imbalance one year before pregnancy and early pregnancy, and the dietary quality in early pregnancy was slightly higher than that in one year before pregnancy. The two stages were mainly characterized by excessive intake of cereals and livestock and poultry meat, and insufficient intake of milk, soybeans and nuts, aquatic products, eggs and food types.Compared with insufficient or excessive intake, women with appropriate intake of fruits in the year before pregnancy and of cereals, vegetables, and soybeans and nuts in early pregnancy had a lower incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes(P<0.05). Risk factors for neonatal adverse birth outcomes included excessive intake of cereals (OR=2.261, 95% CI: 1.035-4.938) and insufficient intake of fruits (OR=2.036, 95% CI: 1.354-3.061) in the year before pregnancy. In early pregnancy, excessive intake of cereals (OR=2.814, 95% CI: 1.429-5.544) and fruits (OR=1.988, 95% CI: 1.112-3.555), as well as insufficient intake of vegetables (OR=2.059, 95% CI: 1.305-3.249), and soybeans and nuts (OR=2.367, 95% CI: 1.412-3.969), were risk factors for neonatal adverse birth outcomes.
Pregnant women of Miao nationality in Guizhou generally have unbalanced dietary structure from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy. Dietary intake level is closely related to the risk of neonatal adverse birth outcomes. Strengthening pregnancy preparation and nutritional intervention during pregnancy can help reduce the incidence of neonatal adverse birth outcomes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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