To explore the process and evolution of large-scale flight delay propagation, and avoid previous research mainly focusing on observing real data and the distribution of delay propagation networks. Drawing inspiration from the classic susceptible-explored-infected-recovered(SEIR) model and taking into account the impact of node closure on large-scale flight delays. Based on this, the state of airport nodes was added to five categories, and a large-scale flight delay propagation model based on susceptible-explored-infected-death-recovered (SEIDR) was constructed and applied to air traffic networks. Using a combination of phase trajectory analysis and related parameter analysis, the propagation threshold and propagation law of large-scale flight delays were obtained, and the influence of propagation parameters between airport nodes on the propagation law of large-scale flight delays was further analyzed. Finally, a large-scale flight delay in 2022 was taken as an example for analysis and verification. The results show that the established model can more accurately describe the evolution process and propagation law of large-scale flight delays.

In practical production processes, equipment performance gradually degrades over time, leading to extended processing durations. To address this issue, an improved nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was proposed for a re-entrant hybrid flow-shop scheduling problem that considers deterioration effects. Firstly, a mathematical model was formulated with the optimization objectives of minimizing makespan and reducing processing energy consumption. Secondly, a job-sequence-based encoding method was employed, and an energy-efficient scheduling decoding method that accounts for deterioration effects was designed. Additionally, to enhance population diversity, various mutation operators were introduced, and algorithm parameters were adaptively adjusted to prevent convergence to local optima. A variable neighborhood search strategy was also integrated to reinforce the local search capability of the algorithm. Finally, comparative experiments with other algorithms on ten different scale test instances demonstrated that the proposed algorithm delivers superior solution quality, along with better diversity and convergence properties.

As a widely distributed and abundant clean energy source, geothermal energy may lead to inefficient resource utilization and a series of ecological environmental issues when improperly developed. The typical geothermal distribution area in Linqing, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province was selects as the research object. Based on detailed geothermal geological survey data, the construction of a "multi-well coordination system" geothermal heating model was explored and the feasibility analysis with operational benefit was conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed coordinated multi-well geothermal heating mode can reduce geothermal resource extraction by 41.46% while maintaining equivalent heating coverage and quality standards, significantly enhancing maximum utilization efficiency of geothermal resources. The system simultaneously achieves geothermal tailwater reinjection with favorable economic returns. The static investment payback period approximates 3 years, and the total revenue over 20 heating seasons reaches 25.742 million yuan. Through zoning division implementation in key operational areas, this model effectively addresses challenges including dense well distribution, uneven development patterns, and difficulties in reinjection well construction. The findings provide technical references and application demonstrations for geothermal heating development in other regions.

To solve the problems of multiple influencing factors, different focuses of participating parties, and inability to quantitatively describe the comparison and selection schemes in the current process of selecting routes for mountainous expressways, based on thorough research on the influencing factors of expressway and railway route selection at home and abroad, the influencing factors of expressway route selection in mountainous areas of China were systematically analyzed and summarized, and four aspects : economy, technology, safety and environment were summarized, totaling 16 specific influencing factors. Based on the Xihe to Tanchang Expressway project, a group of 164 experts from the local government, industry regulatory departments, owners, design, construction, supervision, third-party testing units, and research institutes in the project area were organized to form an expert group. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to evaluate the importance of 16 route selection influencing factors. The results show that the comprehensive weight average score of the three influencing factors in the environmental indicators is high, reflecting the further strengthening of environmental awareness in the field of engineering construction. To further establish a optimization model for scheme comparison, taking the scheme comparison of the route from the project Dengta Village to Haolin Village as an example, the technique for order preference by similarity to idea solution (TOPSIS) method based on the AHP was used to compare and select schemes. The superiority of the four comparison schemes is 2.84, 0.56, 0.72, and 2. 15, respectively, indicating that scheme 1 is optimal. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting the selection of mountainous expressway routes, the research results adopt the AHP-TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation index system model. While fully utilizing expert experience, it can objectively and scientifically

Capsule networks can encode the properties and spatial relationships of skin cancer image features, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of information loss in the pooling process of convolutional neural networks. Aiming at the problem that only shallow features can be extracted and the convergence performance of the squash function in capsule networks, a ResNeXt cascaded with capsule networks was proposed for Rs-Capsnet networks. Firstly, the complex features of the image were learned using the ResNeXt network. The Inception module and the residual connection were used to extract the deep features, and the weights of the feature map were adjusted and delivered to the capsule module through the CBAM attention module. Then, an improved squash function capsule network was used to complete the classification. Finally, the improved network was compared with mainstream models. The results show that Rs-Capsnet exhibits better performance in skin cancer image classification.

Considering the technical issues related to the construction of extremely small radius and ultra large diameter shield tunnels in stratified strata, taking the shield tunnel project of the Pazhou Station to Beigang Park Station section of the Pearl River Delta intercity rail transit in Guangzhou as the research object, key construction technologies of shield excavation were elaborated in detail. Solutions to outward deviation of the excavation axis because of the small curve radius and strata disturbance caused by the excavation were provided. Built upon the analysis of on-site real-time monitoring data, variation patterns of vertical and horizontal displacements, pore water pressure and soil pressure during the construction of the small radius shield tunnel were revealed. Monitoring data shows that the shield excavation of the turning section in rock layers has little impact on surface settlements. The influence of shield tunneling on the surrounding soil decreases with the increasing distance, the maximum horizontal displacements occur in the area above the tunnel. There is a high similarity in the changing trend of pore pressure and soil pressure and the impact on the soil outside the turning is greater when the shield turns.

The bridge health monitoring system based on sensor data acquisition has become standard for new bridge construction. However, this scenario presents challenges due to the massive volume of monitoring data that is difficult to store. Therefore, focusing on the time-series characteristics of bridge monitoring data, compression schemes were explored for bridge monitoring data. Differential compression was investigated based on the arithmetic progression properties of bridge monitoring timestamps and floating-point exclusive OR(XOR) compression based on the low frequency of changes in monitoring value data. Compared to the Gorilla time series database algorithm, the XOR compression method added control bits to avoid degradation of compression results. Experimental analysis reveals that both algorithms exhibit varying degrees of superiority over common compressors. The differential compression of timestamp sequences demonstrates superior compression rates compared to common compressors, achieving a compression rate of 0.015 6 for timestamp sequences that conform to arithmetic progression characteristics, approaching the compression limit value. Compression and decompression speeds are above average, and the method is insensitive to monitoring type. On the other hand, the XOR compression method performs well on datasets with low frequency of change, achieving compression rates of 0. 302 8 for bridge data and 0. 662 8 for non-bridge data, indicating sensitivity of the XOR compression method to monitoring type. In practical applications of bridge monitoring, suitable compression storage schemes can be selected based on the characteristics of the bridge monitoring dataset.

Reinforcement and water sealing effect difficult to achieve by conventional stratum grouting method in strong seepage sandy soil stratum. In order to study the mechanical characteristics of freezing-grouting combination in water-rich sand stratum, the stress-strain relationship and its influencing factors of artificially frozen cement sand were studied by triaxial tests, and the variation law and strength mechanism of stress-strain relationship of samples under different freezing temperature, curing age and confining pressure were discussed. The results show that the stress-strain curve of frozen cement-sand has a certain strain-hardened nonlinear ductility stage including compaction stage linear elasticity stage nonlinear ductility stage and strain-hardening stage. The non-linear increase of cohesion and internal angle of frozen cement-sand due to the curing age of freezing temperature increases the shear strength of frozen cement-sand, and the non-linear ductility phase strain ratio enhances the brittleness of frozen cement-sand. The increase of confining pressure increases the shear strength of frozen cement-sand, and the proportion of strain in nonlinear ductility stage improves the ductility of frozen cement-sand. Based on Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion, a non-linear strength prediction model of frozen cement sand was established, which considered the influence of freezing temperature and curing age. The error between the predicted results and the measured values is less than 5% The research results can provide parameter support for the fine design of freezing-grouting combined reinforcement scheme for water-rich sandy soil stratum.

The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is complex and can ultimately progress to end-stage renal disease, imposing a heavy burden on patients. Current treatment methods show limited efficacy. The protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-eukaryotic initiation factor-2$\alpha$(elF2$\alpha$) -activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) signaling pathway serves as a critical pathway in endoplasmic reticulum stress, with downstream regulation of pathological processes such as apoptosis and autophagy closely related to the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Traditional Chinese medicine regulates the PERK-eIF2$\alpha$-ATF4-CHOP pathway through methods that tonify$\mathrm{{Qi}}$and nourish$\mathrm{{Yi}}$, strengthen the spleen and benefit the kidneys, promote diuresis and reduce edema, clear heat and detoxify, as well as invigorate blood and eliminate stasis. These interventions protect the glomerular filtration barrier, reduce capillary basement membrane thickening, enhance protein reabsorption in urine, and delay renal interstitial fibrosis. The mechanistic role of the PERK-eIF2$\alpha$-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy was elucidated, the theoretical basis for traditional Chinese medicine interventions in this pathway was summarized, and recent advances were reviewed in the mechanisms of action of effective components of traditional Chinese medicine targeting this pathway, aiming to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy through traditional Chinese medicine.

In order to promote the green, low-carbon and high-quality development of rural areas in western Inner Mongolia, the data collected from the survey and literature was combined, the energy consumption of farmhouses was jointly simulated through DeST and Trnsys software, single factor analysis was carried out, the orthogonal test method was used to obtain multiple schemes, and the gray fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on random forest algorithm was used to comprehensively optimize the enclosure structure and heating system, and selected the most suitable green and low-carbon farmhouse scheme in western Inner Mongolia. The results show that the optimal scheme of green and low-carbon farmhouses in western Inner Mongolia is as follows: the building is facing north and south, the floor height is${3.4}\mathrm{\;m}$, the ground is${20}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$polystyrene extruded polystyrene board (XPS) thermal insulation tile floor, the roof is${120}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$expanded polystyrene foam board (EPS) insulation board inverted concrete block roof, the external wall is${160}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$polystyrene extruded polystyrene board (XPS) insulation board external insulation concrete block wall, the external window is$6\mathrm{C}+ {12}\mathrm{{Ar}}+ 6\mathrm{C}6\mathrm{\;{mm}}$double-layer ordinary glass inert gas plastic steel window, the south-facing window-to-wall ratio is 0.5, the north-facing window-to-wall ratio is 0.5, and the sunlight depth is${1.2}\mathrm{\;m}$. The material of the sunshine room is$6\mathrm{C}+ {12}\mathrm{{Ar}}+ 6\mathrm{C}6\mathrm{\;{mm}}$double-layer inert gas ordinary glass + plastic steel window frame + thermal insulation curtains, and the wind power generation efficiency is${45}\%$. The heating energy consumption of the optimal scheme is${2661.15}\mathrm{\;{kW}}\cdot \mathrm{h}$,the average indoor temperature on the coldest day is${11.62}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, the carbon emission reduction is${10.02}\mathrm{\;t}/\mathrm{a}$, the solar heat gain is${67702.75}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$, and the net present value$> 0$, which is economical and has a certain degree of popularization in the rural areas of western Inner Mongolia, providing a development direction for the green and low-carbon transformation of rural houses in western Inner Mongolia.