The advantages of renewable wind energy lead to a rapid growth in the scale of wind power, while lightning strike accidents on wind farm delivery systems have a significant impact on the new power system. The traditional lightning strike warning method requires high data types and sample sizes, and lacks consideration of relative location as well as the distribution of lightning density. A lightning strike warning method for wind farm delivery systems based on the stepped lightning strike probability calculation method was proposed. Firstly, the data of lightning points around a wind farm in Hainan, China in 2020 were analyzed, and the Monte Carlo method was used to find the center of mass of the clusters as well as the density of lightning points to fit the trajectory of the thunderclouds. Then, based on the relative position of the movement trajectory and transmission line, the stepped lightning strike probability calculation method was combined to calculate the value of the lightning strike probability in a short period of time. Finally, the simulation was combined with the operation monitoring data of a wind farm in Hainan from 2020 to 2022. The results show that the relative error of the proposed method is within 15%, and the impact of the difference in the density of lightning points on the warning accuracy is effectively reduced, which ensures the safety of the wind farm delivery system.

Gas risk assessment of tunnel construction is one of the key issues to ensure the safe construction of tunnels passing through gas sections. Aiming at the three stages of investigation, design and construction in the process of tunnel construction, the interpretative structural model was used to reveal the hierarchical key of gas risk influencing factors in the above three stages. The hierarchical model of risk assessment was established, and the weight calculation method of risk assessment index was defined. Combined with data collection, literature collation and engineering investigation, the assignment standard of risk assessment index was proposed based on membership degree theory, and the gas risk assessment method in tunnel construction process was constructed. Combined with engineering examples, the rationality of the proposed method was verified. The results show that the pregnancy risk environment in the survey stage is the precondition, and the survey disturbance is the inducing factor. The pregnancy risk environment in the design stage is the precondition, and the design factor is the inducing factor. In the construction stage, the pregnancy risk environment is the precondition, the construction disturbance is the inducing factor, and the site management is the root cause. The risk is revealed in the survey stage, the risk is reduced in the design stage, and the safety is ensured in the construction stage. The proposed method is consistent with the on-site disclosure, which verifies the rationality of the proposed method. Through the above research, it can provide a theoretical basis for the risk determination of the tunnel crossing the gas area, and provide a reference for the selection of subsequent engineering measures.

Dust deposition can affect the normal operation of equipment. To accurately and efficiently detect dust on equipment and formulate a scientific cleaning strategy, a lightweight dust deposition detection method based on Fast-UNet was proposed. By effectively pruning UNet and adopting max pooling and bilinear interpolation for down-sampling and up-sampling operations, the parameter redundancy was reduced, and a compact basic network was obtained. The lightweight Ghost Module was used to replace the ordinary convolution in the basic network, further reducing the complexity of the network. An convolutional block attention module(CBAM) that integrated channel and spatial attention was embedded in the encoding process, which made the network pay more attention to the target area while introducing minimal parameters. Experiments on a simulated dust deposition dataset show that, compared with the original model, Fast-UNet reduces the number of parameters by 99.6%, decreases computational complexity by 98.7%, achieves an inference speed of 94.18 frames per second, and maintains a recognition accuracy of 91.17%. Compared with five other mainstream segmentation models, Fast-UNet also demonstrates advantages in both accuracy and speed. This method meets the needs of dust detection for both accuracy and efficiency, providing a technical reference for dust quantitative analysis.

In deep foundation pit engineering, the support form of “bored pile + internal support” is often used for foundation pit support, but the support effect of different support arrangements on the foundation pit is different. Relying on a foundation pit project in a fast-track reconstruction and expansion project in Changzhi City, ABAQUS was used to numerically simulate the whole process of excavation of different steel support layout schemes, and the influence of different internal support layout schemes on the settlement of the surface soil around the excavation of the foundation pit, the horizontal displacement of the supporting structure and the uplift of the bottom of the foundation pit were analyzed, and then the reliability of the model was verified by combining the field monitoring results. The results show that the numerical simulation results can accurately reflect the deformation law and characteristics of the foundation pit in the process of excavation and support. When the depth of the internal support arrangement is small, it has a good control effect on the maximum horizontal displacement of the supporting pile and the surface settlement outside the pit. When the depth of the internal support arrangement is large, the maximum uplift at the bottom of the pit has a certain control effect. Increasing the number of internal supports has different effects on reducing the maximum horizontal displacement of the supporting pile and the maximum uplift at the bottom of the pit.

The efficiency, precision, and automation of fruit and vegetable picking are realized through the integration of multiple mechanical arms in multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking technology, effectively addressing the high costs and low efficiency associated with traditional manual picking methods. The research progress in multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking technology was summarized, and the framework of the multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking system was comprehended. In light of the decision-making challenges in cooperative picking, the cooperative methods and task allocation within cooperative picking task planning was analyzed, and the collision detection, obstacle avoidance strategies, and path planning techniques utilized in cooperative picking with multiple robotic arms was reviewed. The future development direction of multi-mechanical arm cooperative picking technology is outlined, with a proposed development trend that envisions the combination of machine and agronomy, human-machine collaboration, decision-making big models, and multi-algorithm fusion.

With the rapid advancement of air transport aviation and general aviation, the frequency assignment of air navigation stations has become increasingly crucial. A comprehensive algorithm was presented for assigning frequencies to individual air navigation stations. Subsequently, in order to address the issue of frequency assignment for multiple aviation navigation stations, a model was established specifically for civil aviation navigation stations. Finally, considering the limitations of traditional multi-objective genetic algorithms such as slow convergence speed and susceptibility to local optimal solutions, a multi-objective genetic algorithm along with a multi-objective genetic local search algorithm based on optimal weight allocation was proposed to effectively solve the frequency assignment problem faced by aviation navigation stations. The problem encompasses several objectives including minimizing frequency interference and utilizing the minimum number of frequencies required. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed multi-objective genetic local search algorithm successfully resolves the frequency assignment problem encountered by air navigation stations. In comparison with traditional multi-objective genetic algorithms and those incorporating optimized weight allocation, our proposed algorithm significantly enhances solution quality, convergence speed, and stability.

Strengthening green and low-carbon environmental control technologies is critical because the industrial, agricultural, and construction sectors face three major challenges: high energy consumption, high emissions, and low energy efficiency in controlling temperature and humidity in specific areas. Heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning provides high evaporative temperature cooling, effective humidity management, and easy integration with renewable energy equipment. The typical heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system was analyzed, the research progress of heat pump independently driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system under various coupling methods was reviewed, and the performance, regeneration temperature, and application occasions of heat pump independently driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system under various working conditions were summarized. Furthermore, the solar-assisted heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system was introduced. Finally, existing challenges and future developments of heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system were analyzed and projected.

Aiming at the current aviation typical parts with complex structure and high precision requirements, increased difficulty in quality inspection but backward inspection methods, an inspection plan automatic preparation method was proposed. Firstly, from the information reuse and information integration, the inspection number model was constructed on the basis of the design model, which layed a foundation of data source for the generation of the inspection plan. Secondly, the production method of the inspection plan was formulated, and the rules of the inspection sequence generation were designed, to achieve the automatic generation of inspection sequence number by using the improved Dynamic planning algorithm. Finally, combined with the CAA(component application architecture) secondary development interface and Excel component development, the corresponding function module was developed under the CATIA environment, to achieve the output of the inspection element information and process view, to complete the automatic preparation and export of the inspection plan. Through examples, it is proved that the method can reduce the labour intensity of inspectors and improve the efficiency of the preparation of inspection plans.

In order to improve the accuracy of geological hazard susceptibility assessment, Fuyang District in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province was taken as the research area and a random forest method was proposed for evaluating geological hazard susceptibility, considering buffer zone optimization strategies. Firstly, nine evaluation factors were selected: normalized difference vegetation index, distance to roads, distance to faults, rainfall during the flood season, slope, aspect, ruggedness, distance to water systems, and lithology. Multicollinearity analysis was conducted to ensure the independence of the factors. Secondly, buffer zones of 0.5 km, 1 km, 1.5 km, and 2 km were constructed. Negative sample points were generated using random sampling to avoid cross-contamination between positive and negative samples, enhance sample representativeness, and improve the model's discrimination capability. An additional set of random sampling points without buffer zones was also established for comparison. The random forest algorithm was then used to train and test the geological hazard susceptibility model. Results indicated that the buffer zone optimization strategy significantly improved the model's predictive accuracy and that there was an optimal boundary for the buffer zone. The model's AUC(area under curve) value was highest at 0.815 for the 1 km buffer zone, indicating that negative samples collected within this buffer zone could more accurately distinguish geological hazard characteristics. Finally, based on the susceptibility evaluation results of the optimal buffer zone and the random forest model, high susceptibility areas were mainly concentrated in the mountainous regions in the northwest and southeast. The frequency ratio increased with the susceptibility level, validating the scientific validity of this method. This approach can provide a basis for geological hazard prevention and control in Fuyang District.

Caragana is the main wind-breaking and sand-fixing vegetation in Inner Mongolia, with a wide planting area and a large area. There is a great demand for harvesting machine in the stubble and harvesting of caragana. Aiming at the problems of high fuel consumption and heavy pollution of traditional caragana harvester, the maximum speed, maximum gradient and pure electric driving range of the extended range hybrid caragana harvester designed by our research group were used as the objective functions to design the dynamic parameters. Firstly, according to the design parameters and performance requirements of the whole machine, the parameters of the range extender, drive motor and battery of the harvester were designed. Combined with the actual working parameters, AVL/Cruise software was used to simulate and find the optimal solution of the overall performance index. Combined with the actual working parameters, AVL/Cruise software was used to simulate and find the optimal solution of the overall performance index. The reasonableness of the simulation results is verified by the field test of the whole machine. Comparing the two results, it is found that the error of the maximum speed is 9.012% and the climbing error is 6.404%. The error of the two results is within the allowable range. The results show that the simulation model is reasonable and can provide reference for the optimization of dynamic parameters of the extended range hybrid Caragana harvester.