The discovery of bilayer nickelate superconductor La₃Ni₂O₇ under high pressure has attracted worldwide attention, in which theoretical research plays a vital role. So far, theoretical calculations show that the two e_g Ni 3d_x2-y2 and 3d_z2 orbitals in La₃Ni₂O₇ are crucial to the formation of superconductivity, while the O₂ p orbital also appears on the Fermi surface. Multi-orbital models have been proposed based on the above analysis. Various calculations show that La₃Ni₂O₇ has a s^± wave pairing symmetry although other pairing symmetries can be obtained. Theoretical calculations shows that the superconducting mechanism is unconventional and closely related to antiferromagnetic fluctuation. The vacancy of apical oxygen has a significant impact on the occurrence of superconductivity. The discovery of trilayer nickelate superconductor La₄Ni₃O₁₀ under pressure has further enriched the family of nickelate superconductors. And its electronic band structure, multi-orbital model, superconducting pairing symmetry and so on have been investigated and explored theoretically.

In order to create quiet areas as required by the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution", it is urgent to improve China's system for creating quiet areas by focusing on the problems and learning from international experience. In this article, through reviewing the current situation and existing problems of creating quiet areas in China and analyzing the international experience of creating quiet areas, work suggestions for the next stage are made. With an indicator system for quiet residential areas being initially established, China is actively exploring effective practices for creating quiet areas by integrating "tranquility" into the overall field of noise pollution prevention and control. However, as the guidance on the creation of quiet areas has not yet been formulated and management and technical methods are also limited, the creation of quiet areas has not yet been promoted to all of the public places in China. While the European Union and its member states have clarified the importance of creating quiet areas, established regulatory standards and an indicator system for creating quiet areas, and created quiet areas in gathering areas and open spaces. Based on the comparative research, recommendations are made for China to formulate guidelines and enhance the driving force for the creation of quiet areas, to improve the procedures, indicators and quality of creating quiet areas. Research on quiet areas should be strengthened to maintain long-term harmony and tranquility in these areas.

Noise monitoring is an important foundation for quality evaluation of acoustic environment, prevention and control of noise pollution, and decision making about noise management. With an introduction to the development trend of noise automatic monitoring in the world and systematic review of the development process of noise automatic monitoring in China which has been divided into development stages, the effectiveness and shortcomings of noise automatic monitoring in China are evaluated in this paper. The next three to five years will witness a big leap in noise monitoring work. First, the automatic monitoring network of acoustic environment quality, the quality management system of monitoring data, and the standardization and informatization of noise monitoring should be optimized further; second, the digital intelligence transformation of noise monitoring should be accelerated by promoting the application of advanced technical technologies such as sound pattern recognition and noise map which will significantly improve the identification accuracy of noise pollution types and spatial and temporal distribution so as to solve the prominent noise problems around the people and make greater contributions to the construction of beautiful China.

The improvement of the quality of the acoustic environment around factories requires effective management of industrial noise. Acoustic materials play an important role in noise management and are the basis for implementing various noise reduction measures. According to the classification of acoustic materials, the latest research progress of acoustic materials is reviewed from the aspects of calculation model to design and preparation, and the application of various acoustic materials in industrial noise management is analysed and summarized. The results of the study show that: there are various modelling and calculation models for acoustic performance, and suitable models need to be selected according to the problems to be solved in order to ensure the accuracy of the calculation; the new acoustic materials are mainly innovated in structure and substrate,which provide more noise reduction methods,and the results of the study can be used as a reference for the management of industrial noise and the research and development of new acoustic materials.

The noise of electric power equipment shows obvious noise characteristics of low-frequency line spectrum. The dynamic vibration absorber can control the surface vibration of the equipment, but also cause problems of coupling frequency offset and noise reduction performance reduction. The dynamic vibration absorption technology of power equipment based on comprehensive optimization method is studied to realize the efficient control of low-frequency noise and minimize the noise radiation of equipment. Aiming to minimize the acoustic radiation of the target frequency of the equipment, the natural frequency and installation position of the dynamic vibration absorber are comprehensively optimized. Example verification shows remarkable effect of noise reduction by the system with comprehensive optimization. Being feasible and superior, the method can provide reference for noise reduction optimization.

Construction noise is a difficult problem in the prevention and control of noise pollution in China, as well as one of the most concerned issues of the public about environment. In this article, the causes of construction noise pollution and the main technical measures for preventing and controlling them are summarized. The difficulties to prevent and control construction noise pollution are reviewed: difficulty to control the construction noise due to strong sound source of equipment and low level of construction technology; big harm of construction noise at night which cannot be completely eliminated, and abnormal use of fund for prevention and control of construction noise caused by low-price competition in engineering projects. By summarizing foreign experience of prevention and control of construction noise pollution, countermeasures and suggestions for China's construction noise prevention and control are proposed: comprehensive supervision and management system of construction noise prevention and control should be established and improved; Low-noise construction technology and equipment should be encouraged; Automatic monitoring network of construction noise should be built; Reasonable project duration and the cost of noise pollution control should be ensured; Construction noise should be prevented and controlled through the implementation of both technical means and management means.

As the high-speed railways in the world develop faster and faster, noise has become one of the key issues in highspeed railway operations. By summarizing the innovative work and achievements in noise control of high-speed railway in China, investigating the conducting research on the low noise optimization designs adopted by the new generation high-speed trains abroad, and combining with the distribution characteristics of noise sources at the higher speed of Chinese CR400 EMUs, key optimization directions for noise control of CR450 EMUs were proposed from the aspects of light weight, bogie wrapping, surface smooth, and low dynamic resistance pantograph. Meanwhile, the promotion and application of infrastructure vibration and noise reduction products is suggested to be carried out simultaneously. Comprehensive and systematic breakthroughs should be made from the perspective of "vehicle-line-propagation paths" so as to clarify the requirements and development trend of noise prevention and control on China's high-speed railway for a higher level of speed.

The urban rail transit in China has developed rapidly, with an operating mileage exceeding 10,000 km. Therefore, with the ensuing noise pollution which will be increasingly serious, the prevention and control of noise pollution is bound to become more important. On the basis of the development of urban rail transit industry of China in recent years, in this paper, types of noise sources and characteristics of urban rail transit are introduced. The present situation of noise pollution management methods and research progress of noise control technology in urban rail transit at home and abroad were investigated. The research results and applications of the control technologies for important noise sources, such as wheel-rail noise and bridge structure noise, were reviewed. Then, the noise-related problems of the urban rail transit at the current stage were highlighted and some suggestions were made, such as pushing forward the formulation of noise emission standards and further strengthening the research and application of noise control technologies in urban rail transit, so as to provide references for the further prevention and control of urban rail transit noise pollution in China.

With the characteristics of wide influence range, long duration, and deep pollution degree, road traffic noise has become the main environmental problem in road traffic. According to the overview of road traffic noise pollution in China, combined with the development of acoustic metamaterials and electroacoustic technology, the technical characteristics, application scope, and research and development direction of noise control measures such as sound barriers, low noise pavements, ventilated soundproof windows, noise reduction forest belts, and intelligent control are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of sound barriers made with typical structures and materials and low noise road surfaces are reviewed, as well as their noise reduction effects. Vegetation types that can be used as noise reduction forest belts in different regions of China are provided. And the next development direction of road traffic noise control technology is pointed out from several aspects, such as low noise pavement acoustic design, application of audio and information technology, recycling of green and low-carbon materials, creation of road acoustic landscapes, environmental noise and sustainable development, to support the construction and development of peaceful transportation and comfortable living environments.

Based on the research on urban road traffic noise prediction, focusing on the single-vehicle noise models proposed in the current research on vehicle noise emission at home and abroad, in this paper the current status of single-vehicle noise model research in different countries, the applicability and shortcomings of foreign models in China are discussed from the perspectives such as vehicle types, simplification of single-vehicle sound sources, and applicability of single-vehicle noise models. Suggestions on the research of single-vehicle noise models in China are made to promote the application and accuracy of road traffic noise prediction technology. It is urgent for China to carry out in-depth research on the single-vehicle noise models at the national level, including refining the classification of vehicle types and the correction of various factors that affect the singlevehicle noise value.

With the development of the aviation industry, the increasingly more serious noise pollution by aircrafts around the airport has caused great disturbance to the quiet living environment nearby. In this paper, the current status of prevention and control on the airport noise pollution in China is summarized, including the gradual improvement of the management system, the implementation of environmental standards for aircraft noise around airports, the advancement of noise pollution prevention measures, and real-time monitoring of aircraft noise around airports. Meanwhile, China still faces challenges such as the lack of a unified coordination mechanism against the airport noise control, difficulties in raising funds for governance, and weak supervision of noise during airport operations. In this paper, by analyzing both the domestic and international experiences of airport noise management, recommendations are made, including to promote the division of aircraft noise function zones and land compatibility around airports, improve the economic policies such as airport noise charges and compensation mechanisms, enforce airport self-monitoring of noise pollution, and implement comprehensive noise pollution control plans，so as to effectively address the issue of airport noise pollution in China.

In the supervision of noise pollution prevention and control, noise mapping technology has made remarkable progress. European countries have legislated to support the creation and application of noise maps, such as the EU's Noise Directive, which mandates member states to develop noise maps and corresponding action plans. Technologically, improvements in realtime monitoring and dynamic updating capabilities, integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), have enabled noise mapping more effective in refined management. Despite being a late starter, China has made progress in research of data collection, analytical processing, and visualization. In this paper, through analysis of the deficiencies in data quality, technical standards, and regulatory systems in China, the following recommendations are made, including strengthening data collection and sharing, establishing unified technical standards, and improving the legal framework. In the future, propelled by policy guidance and technological innovation, noise mapping technology is expected to provide more effective tools for urban noise management in China.