Based on the panel data of 87 cities and states in six provinces in central China from 2011 to 2021, this paper integrates three-stage data envelopment analysis, global and local spatial autocorrelation methods to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and agglomeration pattern of the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation for each city, and explores its dynamic and static driving mechanisms. The results show that the degree of regional differences in efficiency of scientific and technological innovation has increased and that the spatial distribution has gradually changed from "strong in the north as a whole and weak in the south, but different in parts" to the core and periphery of provincial capitals. Spatial agglomeration has increased, and different innovation driving mechanisms have been formed. To improve the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in this region it is an important way to provide better policies and scientific and technological support services for small, medium and micro enterprises.

This paper summarizes the common practice patterns of artificial intelligence application in criminal investigation, mainly including video investigation, individual identification, data retrieval, information mining, auxiliary interrogation, evidence evaluation, etc., which brings multi-dimensional lock, situation and finger integration, and full chain support to the investigation department. Then this paper analyzes a series of risks and challenges accompanied by the application of artificial intelligence in criminal investigation, such as black box effect, precision deviation, algorithm overstep, open panorama, investigation secret room and so on. Some suggestions are put forward, such as anchoring the basic stance of human-oriented and human-computer integration, promoting the integration of data-driven and knowledge-guided methods, enhancing the ethical adaptation of artificial intelligence application in criminal investigation, and optimizing the legal system of artificial intelligence application in criminal investigation.

To address scientific misconduct China has established a governance mechanism based on legislation, normative documents and departmental rules. However, the current governance mechanism of scientific research misconduct still has problems in the whole cycle (before, during and after the event), which are specifically reflected in scientific research data management, investigation and processing modes, disciplinary measures, etc. This paper combs the beneficial experience of foreign countries in these respects, analyzes the causes of China's scientific research misconduct and the problems in the governance mechanism, provides a reference for adjusting China's scientific research misconduct governance mechanism, and points out that we should focus on establishing a diversified scientific research evaluation mechanism, improving scientific research data management mechanism, establishing an independent regulatory department to deal with scientific research misconduct, and refining the punishment for scientific research misconduct.

The emerging technology management system is an important way to reduce negative effects of the technology. Many countries have made achievements in the research of technology governance strategy and practice in terms of of responsible innovation. However, the underlying logic behind technical governance remains unclear. This paper uses case analysis method to study the nanotechnology governance strategies and practice pathways in the United States, European Union and China. The results show that government plays a leading role in the emerging technology governance. National demand is the main driving force of governance objectives and strategies. "Balancing" the relationship between stakeholders is the main tool of governance in emerging technologies. Collaborative governance is the action orientation of emerging technology governance. The government is in the center of the emerging technology governance network structure. The governance structure evolves from "vertical" to "network" and the governance concept turns from adaptive governance to forward-looking governance.

Based on "meaningful human control", which is the core concept of artificial intelligence ethics, the ethical difficulties in the algorithm design stage for autonomous driving are summarized in the article. The feasibility of "meaningful human control" applied to autonomous vehicles is analyzed. On this basis, using the two conditions of "tracking" and "tracing", a "meaningful human control" framework is constructed around "accountability and transparency" and "value-sensitive design", which may provide systematic methodology guidance for algorithm design of autonomous vehicles.

Aiming at the four kinds of problems of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks in the blank of legislative protection caused by deanonymization, poor management, invalidation of informed consent and group privacy infringement, this paper puts forward and demonstrates the view that "the respective integration of information scientific and technological objects and information scientific and technological subjects' cognitive capacity limitations and onesided values are the two causes of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks". Then, based on the analysis of the causes, it puts forward three institutional safeguards that can be governed from the source, namely, the personal information protection fund system, the collective management system of personal information, and the privacy protection design and its institutional safeguards.

Based on the internal operation logic of artificial intelligence embedded in digital publishing, this paper summarizes the technical risks such as the subject dilemma under the reconstruction of human-computer relationship, copyright crisis under fuzzy data boundary, and cultural attribute withdrawal under algorithm recommendation. It also analyzes ethical dilemmas such as responsibility identification, responsibility evaluation and responsibility assumption encountered in the practice of intelligent publishing. On this basis, suggestions are put forward on strengthening ethical responsibility of the value subject, promoting the improvement of responsibility ethics evaluation mechanism, and promoting the construction of responsibility ethics community.

The significance of building a Chinese characteristic high-level science and technology ethics governance system should be deeply understood. In this paper, we analyze the advantages for professional social organizations, scientific and technological talents, and non-governmental international exchanges for science and technology societies to participate in science and technology ethics governance. We sort out the role of science and technology societies in the construction of science and technology ethics governance system in terms of value guidance, system standardization, strengthening supervision, cultivating ethical ecology, and enhancing international voice. At the same time, we put forward suggestions on comprehensively improving the ability of scientific and technological societies to participate in scientific and technological ethical governance.

AlphaGo family algorithms are important milestones in the history of artificial intelligence. These algorithms not only solve the typical complete information game problem such as Go but also are applicable to a wider range of problems. According to their development, this paper summarizes the fundamental principle and technical characteristics for the series of algorithms from AlphaGo Fan to MuZero, elaborating how the AlphaGo family algorithms work. The key technologies employed, including the Monte Carlo tree search, modeling and training of deep neural networks, are surveyed and compared. The AlphaGo family algorithms are of significant instructive value for addressing various problems in practice, from algorithm design, neural network modeling to model utilization. This paper helps to quickly understand the principle of these algorithms and is expected to provide useful reference for the further research and development of algorithms.

For more than 30 years, the U.S. High Performance Computing Plan has successively experienced the evolution of the High Performance Computing and Communications Program, the Network and Information Technology R&D Program, and the National Strategic Computing Initiative. The article analyzes its evolution logic, interrelationship, and management mechanism, and summarizes the characteristics of the plan: The cross-department collaboration and extensive government-industryuniversity-research cooperation. In view of the problems existing in the construction of China's computing power, the U. S. experience can provide several enlightments: Formulating a strategic plan to strengthen the R&D of computing power technology; enhancing the unified leadership, organization and management of the central government; ensuring the balanced development of different parts of computing power; and establishing extensive partnerships to promote the computing ecosystem.

To clarify the status of deep exploration technology, find solutions to related problems, and explore the future direction of development, this paper reviews at first the deep coal and coalbed methane exploration status at home and abroad and points out that deep mining has become an inevitable trend. Secondly, from the perspective of deep coal-bed methane, the paper argues that the deep special geological conditions will affect the accumulation mechanism and occurrence state of deep coalbed methane, it is thus necessary to establish an exploration idea suitable for deep coal-bed methane and improve the theoretical basis of deep coalbed methane geology. Then frontier technologies and re-lated technical problems such as deep multi-gas comining, carbon dioxide gas displacement of coalbed methane and synchronous storage, deep coalbed methane intelligent drainage are elaborated. Finally, from the perspective of deep coal exploration and development, the current advanced technologies such as deep coal fluidized mining, coal under-ground gasification coupled carbon dioxide capture and storage, deep coal and geothermal resources collaborative mining are discussed. As deep mining is developing towards automation and AI,, continuous progress of basic geo-logical theory and exploration and development technology will make deep coal and coalbed methane become the main battlefield of future exploration and development.

Microorganisms in space station may threaten the health of astronauts and reliability of equipment and affect longterm on-orbit operation of the space station. AIT(assembly, integration, testing) center, transportation and launch environment of spacecraft are the main microbial pollution sources of China's space station. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive microbial monitoring of the plant and outdoor environment of Wenchang launch site. Samplings were collected by Petri plate gravitational settling from spacecraft assembly and test clean-room and other five surrounding areas. The strains were identified using traditional culture-based and Sanger dideoxy sequencing technology. Analysis of isolated strains showed that Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were the dominant airborne bacterial genus whereas Curvularia sp., Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp. dominated the fungal population. Some of the dominant microbes have potential microbial corrosion hazards to the equipment and structures of the space station. The results can provide bacteria and fungi references for space microbial corrosion research in China and facilitate targeted biological safety prevention.

To explore the impact of different policies and combined policies on the construction effect of maritime power, this paper designs three types of 16 policy situations from the aspects of fertility, science and technology, economy, environment and education. Then a system dynamics model for the construction of maritime power is constructed to simulate the policy. The results shows that under the current policy model the construction level of China's marine power can be con-tinuously improved and that both indicators of economic strength and ecological governance have the largest increase. In the case of a single policy, fertility policy cannot improve the construction level of marine power while economic policy or education policy can only promote the improvement of some indicators. Science and technology policy has a significant effect on early promotion of indicators in each sector and is surpassed by education policy in the later period. In the case of combined policies, if economic strength, technological competitiveness and resource utilization efficiency are concerned, then policy combination of science and technology and education should be selected. It is better to choose policy combination of environment and education when considering the effect of ecological governance and sea area management. For rapid development and utilization of sea areas the policy mix of economy and education should be selected. Finally, education policy plays an important role in achieving different goals of the marine power construction.