In recent years, economic development has driven rapid progress in urban and rural construction, alongside a growing public demand for stargazing activities, which have also become an important way to cultivate the spirit of exploration in young people. Due to the absence of national standards such as the Specification for Limiting Interference Light from Outdoor Lighting, the construction industry has used outdoor lighting in industrial, civil, and cultural landscape projects with considerable flexibility. This has led to the rapid expansion of light pollution caused by excessive artificial lighting at an annual rate of 7% to 10%. Light pollution not only exerts widespread effects on natural ecosystems but also poses a serious threat to scientific research that depends on dark skies—particularly astronomical observation—while diminishing the public stargazing experience. Monitoring in urban areas relies on costly fixed−point observation, whereas astronomical observatories have established continuous monitoring systems. This paper takes China's Xinglong, Lijiang, and Lenghu observatories as case studies to analyze the impact of light pollution on the efficiency and effectiveness of astronomical observation and compares their distinct approaches to light pollution control. The findings reveal that light pollution significantly reduces observatory performance and impairs the detection efficiency of deep−sky objects. The three sites have adopted different control strategies: Xinglong Observatory employs a mitigation model through light shielding and source optimization, Lijiang Observatory has developed a coordination model integrating with tourism development, and Lenghu Observatory has implemented a rigid governance model based on local legislation. By synthesizing these practical pathways, this study offers valuable experience and policy references for the protection of dark night skies amidst global urbanization.