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Bio−inspired navigation is an important embodiment of bio−inspired intelligence that empowers autonomous perception and efficient navigation in unmanned systems. By mimicking the processes of biological systems in perceiving, acquiring, integrating, and utilizing spatial, environmental, and target−related information, bio−inspired navigation provides new theoretical insights and technical approaches for overcoming the bottlenecks of autonomous navigation in interference and adversarial environments. It has become a frontier research direction involving the interdisciplinary integration of information science, bionics, and instrumentation engineering. Starting from the concepts and functions of bio−inspired intelligent systems, this paper elaborates on the research connotation and architectural framework of bio−inspired navigation. The research progress of representative bio−inspired navigation technologies, including inertial navigation, visual navigation, polarization navigation, and geomagnetic navigation, is systematically reviewed. The bio−inspired mechanisms, information perception mechanisms, and technological implementation forms of different navigation approaches are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the future development trends of bio−inspired navigation are discussed from three perspectives: neural−enabled intelligent motion information estimation (method), intelligent navigation hardware based on bio−like organ collaborative perception (system), and bio−inspired intelligent navigation with adaptive capabilities against uncertain interference (behavior). This review provides references for the development of next−generation autonomous navigation technologies.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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