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Oxide porous ceramics and aerogels for thermal insulation applications in extreme thermal environments
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Peng WANG1, 2, 3, 4, Yaru CHEN1, 2, 3, Zhiqiang CHENG4, Lijuan ZHANG5, 6, *, Baosheng XU7, Guangwu WEN1, 3, *
Science & Technology Review | 2026, 44(13) : 115 - 130
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Science & Technology Review | 2026, 44(13): 115-130
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Oxide porous ceramics and aerogels for thermal insulation applications in extreme thermal environments
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Peng WANG1, 2, 3, 4, Yaru CHEN1, 2, 3, Zhiqiang CHENG4, Lijuan ZHANG5, 6, *, Baosheng XU7, Guangwu WEN1, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
  • 2Sinoma Jiangxi Insulator and Electricity Co., Ltd., Pingxiang 337000, China
  • 3Discipline and Technology Center for High Temperature Functional Ceramics, Zibo 255000, China
  • 4Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China
  • 5Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
  • 6Aerospace Institute of Advanced Material and Processing Technology, Beijing 100074, China
  • 7Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Published: 2026-07-13 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.12.00111
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As aerospace technology advances toward higher speeds and longer flight durations, aircraft face new thermal challenges in extreme environments. Conventional thermal protection systems are no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of these applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct research on the design and manufacturing of novel thermal protection systems. In line with the trend toward integrating thermal protection and insulation, thermal insulation materials must possess excellent thermal insulation, high temperature resistance, and mechanical properties. Both porous ceramics and aerogels present significant performance trade−offs, making it imperative to optimize their comprehensive properties of these materials to meet the requirements of extreme applications. This article systematically reviews the research progress on oxide porous ceramics and aerogels as high−performance thermal insulation materials, and details their material characteristics, preparation methods, thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties, and high−temperature resistance. Through strategies such as compositional design, fiber reinforcement, and structural regulation, the thermal insulation and mechanical properties of oxide porous ceramics and aerogels can be tailored, endowing them with broad application potential in thermal protection systems for extreme environments.

thermal insulation materials  /  oxide ceramics  /  porous ceramics  /  aerogel  /  preparation methods
Peng WANG, Yaru CHEN, Zhiqiang CHENG, Lijuan ZHANG, Baosheng XU, Guangwu WEN. Oxide porous ceramics and aerogels for thermal insulation applications in extreme thermal environments[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2026 , 44 (13) : 115 -130 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.12.00111
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Article Info
doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.12.00111
  • Receive Date：2025-12-22
  • Online Date：2026-07-27
  • Published：2026-07-13
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-12-22
  • Revised：2026-02-09
Funding
Affiliations
    1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
    2Sinoma Jiangxi Insulator and Electricity Co., Ltd., Pingxiang 337000, China
    3Discipline and Technology Center for High Temperature Functional Ceramics, Zibo 255000, China
    4Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China
    5Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
    6Aerospace Institute of Advanced Material and Processing Technology, Beijing 100074, China
    7Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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