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Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive lung cancer subtype. With approximately 70% of patients presenting with distant metastasis at initial diagnosis, the 5−year survival rate for these individuals remains below 3%. This high metastatic propensity is the primary driver of poor prognosis. Focusing on SCLC metastasis, this article systematically reviews recent progress across clinical features, molecular mechanisms, and advanced preclinical models. Specifically, it outlines target organ metastasis patterns and current interventions, while exploring the core regulatory networks driving the metastatic cascade, including genetic alterations, pathway activations, and tumor−microenvironment interactions. Furthermore, the review evaluates advanced models—such as cell lines, organoids, and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs)—and highlights the application of multi−omics technologies in deciphering spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Future research should prioritize metastasis−specific molecular signatures and therapeutic targets to foster the translational integration of basic and clinical research. Such efforts are essential to address tumor heterogeneity, overcome therapeutic limitations, and ultimately improve patient survival.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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