Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for various end−stage liver diseases. However, immune injury after liver transplantation, such as acute rejection (AR), chronic rejection (CR), hepatic ischemia−reperfusion injury (HIRI), and opportunistic infection, still seriously affects the prognosis of patients. Although great progress has been made in the research of immune injury after liver transplantation, there are still many deficiencies in clinical practice. In this article, the functional changes of hepatocytes and non−parenchymal cells after liver transplantation were used as the breakthrough point to summarize and clarify the potential molecular mechanisms of immune injury after liver transplantation, systematically review the latest progress in the prevention and treatment of immune injury after liver transplantation, and focus on emerging prevention and treatment strategies and their clinical application prospects. The application of artificial intelligence and big data technology in the prediction, diagnosis, treatment and management of immune injury in liver transplantation is prospected, in order to provide reference for related basic research and clinical application.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |