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Radiative cooling is an emerging zero−energy cooling technology. It holds significant importance for addressing the energy crisis and global warming through in−depth research and development of radiative cooling energy−saving materials. This paper focuses on the micro−nanostructure design of radiative cooling materials and its pivotal role in spectral regulation. It investigates how material structures modulate light scattering, propagation, and resonance phenomena to achieve multi−band spectral optimization of radiative cooling materials. This paper reviews the design principles, spectral tuning strategies, and breakthroughs in cooling performance for periodic, non−periodic, and biomimetic micro−nanostructure systems in radiative cooling materials. It also summarizes the challenges faced by radiative cooling materials in terms of spectral tuning precision, environmental adaptability, large−scale fabrication, and industry recognition. In future, the development of radiative cooling materials holds significant research value and application potential in the following three areas: multiscale precision coordination and multifunctional integration in micro−nanostructure design; further development of intelligent dynamic control mechanisms; and the development of novel radiative cooling material systems. In addtion, balancing performance and cost, enhancing environmental stability, and standardizing testing protocols are also important. It aims to advance radiative cooling technology from laboratory research to large−scale application.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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