The low−altitude economy, as a national strategic emerging industry, is becoming a new engine driving future economic development. It is characterized by heterogeneity, high density, high frequency, and high complexity. In response to this trend, low−altitude security urgently needs to shift from key area protection to comprehensive security management, addressing not only unauthorized drone flights but also the integrated supervision of cooperative and non−cooperative targets. However, domestic capabilities in detecting and controlling UAVs remain inadequate, posing serious challenges to both public safety and national security. This paper first analyzes the key challenges in detecting low, slow, and small (LSS) targets, including coping with agile and unpredictable targets, swarm−flying targets, as well as new types of drones such as fully autonomous and infrared/fiber−optic guided models. Then the paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of existing detection technologies, noting current problems such as the difficulty of adapting to different scenarios when using a single detection technology, and the inefficiency of coordination when combining multiple detection devices. Based on this analysis, it proposes measures for detecting and managing LSS targets, including focusing on the development of technologies such as wideband imaging and integrated sensing−communication, as well as using multi−source and multi−platform information fusion to build a networked collaborative detection system, thereby achieving real−time awareness of the low−altitude airspace. Furthermore, it explores integrated approaches combining technological tools with regulatory frameworks to enable efficient supervision of LSS targets through a combination of technological and policy measures. These include the formulation of laws and regulations, the enforcement of penalties for violations, and the establishment of regulatory systems. Finally, the paper proposes starting from pilot programs, with a planned and phased approach to the development and utilization of low−altitude airspace, all aimed at ensuring the healthy development of the low−altitude economy and maintaining the security and controllability of low−altitude airspace.