Benefiting from the excellent thermal conductivity and flow properties of liquid metal, liquid metal convection cooling offers a new solution to the high heat flux thermal management of electronic devices and equipment. In this paper, the heat transfer and flow characteristics of liquid metal convection were introduced. Compared to traditional fluids, the high thermal conductivity of liquid metals resulted in lower overall thermal resistance, and the heat transfer performance was better. The relevant research progress of driving technology, hybrid cooling technology and heat transfer enhancement technology based on liquid metal convection were summarized. The application status of liquid metal convection in the field of electronic equipment cooling was briefly described. Finally, the challenges and development prospects of liquid metal convection cooling were discussed.

liquid metal  /  convective heat transfer  /  electronic equipment  /  high heat flux