As a core key component of new energy passenger vehicles, permanent magnet motor that add rare earth minerals such as dysprosium and terbium can improve the basic characteristics such as remanence and coercivity. With the acceleration of the comprehensive electrification of vehicles, the prominent contradiction between supply and demand of rare earth minerals is highlighted. A dynamic material flow analysis method is used in this study to predict the demand for praseodymium, neodymium, dysprosium, and terbium resources in China's passenger car electrification transformation. This analysis identifies the supply and demand risks for different rare earth resources. To promote the sustainable development of electric vehicles and sustainable utilization of rare earth resources in China, the study suggests coordinating the promotion of resource security and the dual carbon strategy, exploring resource reduction and alternative technologies, and scientifically promoting independent mining and international cooperation.

carbon neutrality  /  electric vehicle  /  rare earth  /  resource risk