This paper analyzes the unique role of scientific and technological societies in building the national innovation system in terms of social mechanism and constituent element. It sorts out the practical experiences of scientific and technological societies of the United States, Japan and Germany, all the world's major developed countries, in serving national scientific and technological innovation. It studies the important role of science and technology society in assisting basic application research, promoting the combination of industries, universities and researches, and accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Then it summarizes the common laws by which scientific and technological societies serve national innovation development strategies with professional leadership, participate in the formulation of global scientific and technological innovation rules with professional influence, and support national scientific and technological innovation activities with professional organizational strength. Keywords scientific and technologi

scientific and technological society  /  national innovation system  /  scientific and technological innovation rules