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Retrospect and prospect of SARS-CoV-2 in 2021: Genetic mutation, cross-species transmission, and vaccine and drug in the COVID-19 pandemic
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Science & Technology Review | 2022, 40(1) : 132 - 149
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Science & Technology Review | 2022, 40(1): 132-149
• Exclusive: Science and Technology Review in 2021 •
Retrospect and prospect of SARS-CoV-2 in 2021: Genetic mutation, cross-species transmission, and vaccine and drug in the COVID-19 pandemic
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YANG Jing1, RONG Wenwan1,2, HUAN Yu1,2, GONG Yuhuan1,2, BI Yuhai1,2
Affiliations
    1. Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: 2022-01-13 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.01.008
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In this review we address the classification, spatiotemporal distribution, and prevalence characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants, followed by a description of key mutations and their biological functions in virus variants. We also summarize the novel understandings on genetic origins and interspecies transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 between humans and animals in 2021. Next, we describe the development and effectiveness of current vaccines and antiviral drugs in 2021, and the potential virus evolution under the pressure of insufficient immune protection provided by current vaccines. In the end, we put forward targeted suggestions on pandemic control, virus surveillance, and the development of highly effective vaccines and drugs.
SARS-CoV-2  /  virus mutation  /  cross-species transmission  /  vaccine
YANG Jing, RONG Wenwan, HUAN Yu, GONG Yuhuan, BI Yuhai. Retrospect and prospect of SARS-CoV-2 in 2021: Genetic mutation, cross-species transmission, and vaccine and drug in the COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2022 , 40 (1) : 132 -149 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.01.008
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.01.008
  • Receive Date：2021-12-25
  • Online Date：2022-02-18
  • Published：2022-01-13
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  • Received：2021-12-25
  • Revised：2022-01-02
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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