As the socialist construction with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, China's science and technology diplomacy, based on a new historical orientation and guided by the important thought of building a community with a shared future for mankind, is accelerating the optimization and the adjustment of its strategies. This paper analyzes the unprecedented opportunities and challenges faced by China's science and technology diplomacy under the situation of momentous changes unseen in a century, explores the guiding significance of the important thought of building a community with a shared future for mankind for science and technology diplomacy, reviews the practical exploration of the important thought of building a community with a shared future for mankind in China's science and technology community, and puts forward some suggestions of speeding up the adjustment of the strategies for China's science and technology diplomacy.

socialism with Chinese characteristics  /  a community with a shared future for mankind  /  S & T diplomacy  /  global strategies  /  S & T society