With the development of artificial intelligence, more and more complex and intelligent systems appear constantly. Traditional theories and methods of system science and system engineering are no longer suitable for the need of the situation. System of systems(SoS) has thus come into being. This paper reviews the concepts and characteristics of SoS, introduces its history and current research status, and argues that the research focus in this field should be intelligent complex system of systems(ICSoS) with higher complexity and intelligence. The paper also describes the concept, characteristic, modelling, emergence and application around ICSoS. On this basis, this paper suggests that future research directions should focus on modeling, intelligent emergence and pinning control of ICSoS.

ICSoS  /  modelling  /  intelligent emergence  /  pinning control