Science and technology are the primary productive forces and the decisive factors in our economic and social development and in winning international competition. With the increasingly fierce global competition in science and technology, increasing and optimizing national investment in science and technology research and development has become the common strategic orientation of the world's major powers. China's science and technology industry has developed rapidly, but compared with the requirements of building the world's science and technology power, shortcomings are still outstanding. Therefore it is of great significance to the construction of China's national science and technology innovation system to make an in-depth study of the trends of input and output of R&D in developed countries and to accurately judge the characteristics of China's science and technology R&D. This paper focuses on 7 countries with the largest R&D investment in the world and analyzes R&D amount, intensity and structure, sources of funding and directions of use, researcher numbers in these countries during the past 10 years, as well as the number of papers, number of highly cited papers, Category Normalized Citation Impact, patent, knowledge-technology-intensive industry and other representative output indicators. The purpose of the research is to judge the trend of global science and technology development and to find out the direction of China's science and technology development. Finally, the study proposes to optimize the structure of research and development investment, increase the investment in basic research, enhance the influence of output, and increase the strength of scientific and technological talent team building.

research and development  /  science and technology input and output  /  scientific-technological measurement