According to the trend of the evolution from innovation system to innovation ecosystem, this article points out that science and technology innovation governance is being flourished. Starting from the three main characteristics of the innovation ecosystem, this paper argues that technology, organization and mechanism（TOM） are the three key factors that affect the governance efficiency of scientific and technological innovation. And it suggests to strengthen the exploration and practice of enabling technology, evolutionary organization and policy entrepreneurs in the governance process of scientific and technological innovation in China.

enabling technology  /  evolutionary organization  /  policy entrepreneur  /  science and technology innovation governance