Recently, a series of breakthroughs in stem cell and regenerative medicine, as the frontier and the hotspot of life sciences, brings numbers of revolutionary changes into the medical development. In this paper, we mainly summarize and analyze the current progresses and perspectives of the applications of stem cells from distinct resources in vitro and in vivo for the regenerative treatment and the roles of small molecules in the mechanisms involved in the cell fate transition and the functional cells obtained in vitro. Meanwhile, the safety and the regulation of the applications of the stem cell and regenerative medicine in the clinical therapy are discussed, to provide some food for thought for reasonable arrangements and plots in this field.

stem cell  /  regenerative medicine  /  cell fate transition  /  clinical therapy