Currently, the constraints of the 3D printing technology is in the materials. The paper studies how to add the material by the technology of the fused deposition and the melt mixing process of the polylactic acid and the poplar wood powder composites are experimentally studied, focusing on the mixing ratio of the raw materials, the extrusion conditions and the testing mechanical properties, as well as the microstructure and the performance of the extruded composites. The results show that the amount of poplar wood powders has a significant impact on the composites. With the increasing amount of powders, the mechanical properties of the composites deteriorate. When the added amount of the ordinary poplar powders is 40%, the flexure strength, the tensile strength and the impact strength are decreased by 30.3%, 26.5% and 82.2%. When the added amount of the special poplar powders is 40%, the flexure strength, the tensile strength and the impact strength are decreased by 14.5%, 22.9% and 72.9%. From the rheological properties of the materials, it is seen that the elastic modulus and the loss modulus increase with the increase of the wood powders in a positive correlation. The viscosity of the composites fluid reduces, which suggests that the mobility gets worse and the fluid resistance increases after adding the powders. DSC detection finds that the glass-transition temperature, the crystallization temperature and the melting temperature of composites see no difference as compared to the pure PLA. The addition of wood powders only changes the melt flow but has no effect on the melting point. From the SEM, it is seen that the polylactic acid and the wood powders combine closely and mix uniformly no matter what the proportion of the raw material is. The FT-IR shows that the major groups do not change.

biomass material  /  polylactic acid  /  multiple composite  /  3D printing