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This paper reviews the highlights and key mission advances in global space science and deep space exploration during 2025. It focuses on breakthroughs such as the revolutionary discoveries made by the James Webb Space Telescope regarding the early universe and exoplanet atmospheric characterization; major revelations about solar activity mechanisms from solar probes such as Solar Orbiter; the decoding of the evolutionary history of the lunar farside through samples returned by Chang'e−6; and the in−depth application of artificial intelligence in exoplanet search and space weather forecasting. In 2025, China has steadily advanced its crewed lunar exploration program, conducted high−level in−orbit experiments on its space station, achieved a series of fruitful results from space science satellites, and taken a leading role in the world in comprehensive space−environment ground−based monitoring through the Meridian Project. By continuously strengthening original innovation and core technology breakthroughs, China is joining the international community in shaping a new landscape for future space science and exploration.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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