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Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is profoundly transforming the research paradigms in the field of materials science, driving the analysis methods for material microstructures to shift from traditional human−experience−dominated approaches to data−driven intelligent recognition. AI−based microstructure recognition and quantification, characterized by high accuracy and efficiency, have significantly advanced the development of high−throughput microstructure analysis techniques. This review focuses on the emerging field of AI−assisted microstructure analysis of metallic materials. Following the development from qualitative analysis toward refined quantitative analysis of microstructures, it systematically summarizes the research progress in traditional machine learning algorithms, deep learning−based classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation algorithms for the classification, recognition, and quantification of metallic material microstructures. Particular emphasis is placed on the current state of widely adopted semantic segmentation algorithms. Meanwhile, addressing the challenges faced by semantic segmentation in this domain, such as high microstructural complexity and limited annotated samples, the innovative strategies proposed by researchers in data augmentation and model architecture improvements, along with their enhanced performance, are discussed. Finally, the existing limitations and future directions of AI−based microstructure analysis methods are summarized and outlooked.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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