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The Trihelix transcription factor GT2A plays a critical regulatory role in plant responses to abiotic stress. This study aimed to investigate the response of the soybean GmGT2A gene to salt stress and explore its physiological mechanisms in soybean salt stress adaptation. Using the 'Williams 82' cultivar as experimental material, the GmGT2A gene was obtained via homologous cloning. A plant overexpression vector was constructed, and transgenic soybean lines were generated using an Agrobacterium−mediated genetic transformation system. Following preliminary screening with Bar test strips, PCR detection, Southern blot single−copy identification, and RT−qPCR validation, physiological response differences between transgenic and wild−type plants under salt stress were systematically compared. Results demonstrated that under salt stress, comparing to control plants, GmGT2A−overexpressing soybean lines exhibited significantly improved germination rates, seedling salt tolerance indices, and fresh weight. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in leaves increased by 1.28− to 1.44−fold, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased by 38.06%. Ion homeostasis analysis revealed reduced Na+ accumulation in transgenic roots, enhanced K+ retention capacity, and a decreased Na+/K+ ratio to 61% of the control. In conclusion, the GmGT2A gene may improve soybean salt tolerance by regulating antioxidant enzyme activities and ion homeostasis. This study provides bases for the genetic improvement of soybean stress tolerance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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