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Advances in wide−area rapid precise point positioning using BDS/GNSS
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Xinyun CAO1, 2, 3, Yulong GE4, Tianjun LIU5, Liu YANG6, Lei XU7, Fei SHEN1, 2, 3, *
Science & Technology Review | 2025, 43(18) : 115 - 126
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Science & Technology Review | 2025, 43(18): 115-126
• Papers •
Advances in wide−area rapid precise point positioning using BDS/GNSS
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Xinyun CAO1, 2, 3, Yulong GE4, Tianjun LIU5, Liu YANG6, Lei XU7, Fei SHEN1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 2. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 4. School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 5. GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
  • 6. School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 7. School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Published: 2025-09-28 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.05.00087
Outline
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Rapid precise point positioning (PPP) over wide areas breaks through the dependency of traditional differential techniques on dense reference network, and serves as one of the key techniques to establish and maintain autonomous, wide-area, high-precision spatiotemporal framework using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). This work provides a comprehensive review of the current development of satellite constellations, ground station infrastructure, and associated precise satellite products. Key technical advances are summarized in four respects, including multi-frequency and multi−GNSS integration, ambiguity resolution, atmospheric augmentation, and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) augmentation. All the analysis concentrate on their contributions to improving PPP positioning accuracy and convergence speed. Recent progress in PPP commercialization is discussed, alongside the latest developments in satellite-based PPP services, including BDS PPP-B2b. Finally, we outline persistent challenges and future research directions confronting wide-area rapid PPP, highlighting deep integration of high and low orbit constellations, multi-source fusion for positioning enhancement, and the evolution of next-generation satellite-based PPP service architectures. The study aims to support the large-scale deployment and service system development of high-precision positioning based on BDS/GNSS.

BeiDou Navigation Satellite System  /  precise point positioning  /  multi−system and multi−frequency  /  ambiguity resolution  /  atmospheric augmentation  /  LEO augmentation
Xinyun CAO, Yulong GE, Tianjun LIU, Liu YANG, Lei XU, Fei SHEN. Advances in wide−area rapid precise point positioning using BDS/GNSS[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2025 , 43 (18) : 115 -126 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.05.00087
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Year 2025 volume 43 Issue 18
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Article Info
doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.05.00087
  • Receive Date：2025-05-15
  • Online Date：2025-12-18
  • Published：2025-09-28
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-05-15
  • Revised：2025-07-17
  • Accepted：2025-09-05
Funding
Affiliations
    1. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
    3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
    4. School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    5. GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
    6. School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
    7. School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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