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The exploration and utilization of mineral resources are essential for sustaining the economic development of modern society and human activities. However, over the past century, the extraction and processing of various mineral resources have resulted in the generation of large amounts of mine tailings, posing significant threats to the local ecosystem and the sustainable development of human society. Ecological rehabilitation in mine tailing areas has become crucial for achieving sustainable mining practices. Building on an analysis of the shortcomings of traditional approaches to ecological restoration of tailings, we propose a promising strategy rooted in pedogenesis principles for the sustainable rehabilitation of mine tailings. This strategy, termed "ecological engineering of soil formation in mine tailings", treats tailings as the parent material for soil formation and employs systematic ecological engineering methodologies to accelerate pedogenesis. The aim of ecological engineering is to gradually transform the tailings into a stable soil-like substrates with a porous physical structure and chemical buffering properties, capable of supporting specific ecological functions, thus facilitating ecosystem development in the tailing areas. Throughout this process, it's essential to systematically consider the characteristics of the tailings, local microbial and plant species, and climatic conditions, in order to design technical routes tailored to local conditions and construct a comprehensive technical package. Finally, according to current research progress, we identify key research directions focusing on both fundamental understanding and technical applications of ecological engineering of soil formation in tailings.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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