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To confirm that vitamin B2 and butyrate could synergically enhance the killing effect on gastric cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of the combination of vitamin B2 and butyrate on BGC-823 gastric cancer cells was observed by cck-8 method. The combined effect of the two components was evaluated by Chou Talay medium effect analysis, and the morphological changes of the cells were observed by optical microscope. The effects of combination of vitamin B2 and butyrate on apoptosis and cell cycle of BGC-823 cells were observed by flow cytometry. The expression of PTEN and its downstream PI3K protein were determined by Western blot method. Through the effect on the tumor bearing nude mouse model, the anti-tumor effect of the combination was observed in vitro. A multivariate discriminant model was established through metabolomics analysis of multimetabolites in the serum of Gastric cancer group and Control group, the differential metabolites were initially screened, the pathway enrichment analysis and metabolic pathway analysis were conducted on the base. The results of cck-8 cell viability and Chou-Talay showed that vitamin B2 could synergically enhance the killing effect of butyrate on BGC-823 cells, and during the action, it affected cell differentiation, resulting in the enlargement of cell morphology and the obstruction of cell division. Flow cytometry showed that the combination of vitamin B2 and butyrate could significantly increase the apoptotic ratio of gastric cancer cells and block the cell cycle in G2/M phase. Western blot results showed that the combination of vitamin B2 and butyrate could significantly increase the level of PTEN protein, but significantly decrease the expression level of PI3K downstream. In vivo, the combination of vitamin B2 and butyrate can significantly inhibit the growth of nude mice tumor. Multivariate OPLS-DA model was successfully established by human metabolomics analysis, suggesting that butyric acid and vitamin B2 are significantly different metabolites in gastric cancer patients. Pathway enrichment analysis and pathway analysis showed that the metabolic pathway of fatty acids and B vitamins plays an important role in gastric cancer patients. The combination of vitamin B2 and butyrate can synergically enhance the inhibitory effect on the growth of gastric cancer.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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