Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology, as one of the key pathways to achieving carbon neutrality, is gradually emerging as a "safety−net technology" to ensure the attainment of this goal. In recent years, the number and scale of CCUS projects worldwide have grown significantly. By 2025, there were 1,017 CCUS projects at various stages globally, with operational projects capturing and storing approximately 70.482 million tonnes of CO₂ per year. In China, demonstration projects in this field have advanced rapidly. Currently, the country has about 126 CCUS demonstration projects at various stages, with a total CO₂ capture capacity of approximately 9.4 million tonnes per year, and cluster−based development is beginning to take shape. However, CCUS still faces multiple challenges, including high energy consumption, high costs, storage safety concerns, and insufficient scalability. The system efficiency and scaling potential of CCUS have also sparked extensive discussion. Based on a review of the current development status, this paper focuses on the key bottlenecks hindering the widespread adoption of CCUS technologies, and explores the current state and potential of technical maturity, economic feasibility, and system synergy. CCUS is neither a "universal panacea" nor an "excuse to delay the energy transition", but rather an indispensable strategic support for achieving carbon neutrality. At the current stage of development, it is essential to vigorously promote technological innovation and system building in this field, facilitating the transition of CCUS from "demonstration and exploration" to "safety−net support". In the future, the development of CCUS must go beyond mere technological iteration to achieve the systematic integration of policy mechanisms, business models, industrial synergy, and international cooperation, only then can it truly shoulder the mission of our era to combat climate change and ensure energy security.