PDF
Full
Outline
The Domain Name System, as a core foundational resource of the internet, relies on the stability of its Root Zone to ensure the operational security of the global domain name system. Based on Root Zone top−level domain data released by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority this study analyzes resolution service addresses of top−level domain authoritative servers to reveal the centralized characteristics of current Top−level domain name registration and hosting practices. The research findings indicate that resolution services for 1,458 active Top−level domain name s exhibit significant dependency on a limited number of Top−level domain name hosting institutions. Specifically, Afilias and Identity Digital Limited host 32.58% and 32.17% of Top−level domain name s respectively, with the top three institutions collectively accounting for over 90% of hosted Top−level domain name s. Quantitative evaluation using the Gini coefficient shows that Top−level domain name hosting resources reach a centralization degree of 0.83, substantially higher than the 0.44 measured for registry management, indicating severe oligopolistic risks in the hosting sector. The study warns that overly concentrated hosting architectures may introduce single points of failure risks (such as regional cyberattacks affecting multiple Top−level domain name resolution services) and undermine the diversity of the domain name ecosystem. To address these challenges, the research suggests promoting self−built authoritative servers by Top−level domain name registries, optimizing hosting institution qualification mechanisms, and exploring blockchain−based decentralized domain name resolution technologies, aiming to enhance the Root Zone's risk resilience and long−term stability.
PDF
1415
610
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
关闭全屏
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
