The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH, 175.39°W, 20.55°S) volcano, which locates in the region of the volcanic chain of the southern Pacific Tonga subduction region, erupted on 15 January 2022, at 04:14 UTC. In this study, we review the state-of-the-art observations of the volcanic eruption and the triggered tsunami waves associated with the 2022 HTHH event, including submarine sensors, barograms, atmospheric wave observation from varies of satellites, and ionospheric disturbance. Together with the local geological setting and volcanic eruption history, we analyze the characteristics of the volcanic eruption and tsunamis feature of the HTHH event. Finally, we specify the prospects and direction of future research in marine geological hazards of global subduction zones, which includes detailed marine geophysical survey and comprehensive quantitative study of the potential impact of large-scale submarine volcanic eruption on global climate based on the latest observations.

Tonga subduction zone  /  Tonga HTHH volcanic eruptions  /  tsunami observations  /  atmospheric waves  /  Lamb wave  /  ionospheric disturbances