Global scientists have not stopped the pace of immunological research to meet the great challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the past 2022, immunology made significant progress. This review highlights a few breakthroughs, including the indepth exploration of T cell memory, stemness and exhaustion, the discovery of new immune checkpoints and immune cell subsets, exploration of immune regulation through neuroendocrine and metabolic pathways, and exploration of new strategies for immunotherapy.

immune memory  /  T cell exhaustion  /  stem-like T cell  /  CAR-T  /  neuroendocrine and metabolic regulation